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Popular Articles

Crazy-Makers: Dealing with Passive-Aggressive People

Why Are People Mean? Don't Take It Personally!

When You Have Been Betrayed

Struggling to Forgive: An Inability to Grieve

Happy Habits: 50 Suggestions

The Secret of Happiness: Let It Find You (But Make the Effort)

Excellence vs. Perfection

Depression is Not Sadness

20 Steps to Better Self-Esteem

7 Rules and 8 Methods for Responding to Passive-aggressive People

What to Do When Your Jealousy Threatens to Destroy Your Marriage

Happiness is An Attitude

Guide to How to Set Achieveable Goals

Catastrophe? Or Inconvenience?

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Lies You Were Told

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Audio Version of Article: Crazy-Makers: Passive-Aggressive People

Audio Version of Article: Why Are People Mean? Don't Take It Personally!

Audio Version of Article: Happiness Is An Attitude

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Cognitive Styles Test

The following test is for personal information only and is not meant to be a professional evaluation.

The Cognitive Styles Test measures 13 irrational styles of thinking that can create or contribute to life problems including depression, anxiety, anger, relationship difficulties, motivational issues. This test provides information to help you learn about yourself and to work on self-improvement. Irrational styles of thinking refers to the concept from cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) that problem behavior and many symptoms of stress occur due to our thought processes. By learning about your irrational thinking you can learn to change it.

This site does not save results. If you have an Android device, you may download the Know Yourself Personality Tests app to take the test and your results will be saved in the app.

About the Cognitive Styles Test


No login required to obtain results

The following styles are discussed in your results:

  • Anxious Style is the tendency to be easily stressed and feel tense or nervous.
  • Self-Esteem Style is the degree of positive regard for yourself.
  • Perfectionistic Style is the tendency to have excessive expectations or demands on self and/or others.
  • Approval-Seeking Style is basing behavior or decisions upon what other people might think.
  • Demand Style is the degree of pressure or expectations for certain behavior.
  • Withholding Style is the tendency to not share feelings and/or personal information with others.
  • Control Style is the degree to which effort or luck is believed to influence outcomes.
  • Dependency Style is the tendency to rely on others.
  • Externalizing Style is the degree to which you depend upon external events to define your happiness.
  • Emotional Style is the degree of reactiveness and emotionality to events.
  • Passivity Style is the tendency to be unassertive and passive in situations with others.
  • Trust Style is the degree to which you trust others.
  • Blaming Style is the tendency to focus criticism and blame on others.

This test was developed from the International Personality Item Pool which is a collaborative effort by personality researchers to develop advanced measures of individual differences. The results descriptions were written by a clinical psychologist.

Related reading:

More questionnaires:

  • Self-Efficacy
  • List of PsychTests

  • For authors and more information:

    Goldberg, L. R., Johnson, J. A., Eber, H. W., Hogan, R., Ashton, M. C., Cloninger, C. R., & Gough, H. C. (2006). The International Personality Item Pool and the future of public-domain personality measures. Journal of Research in Personality, 40, 84-96.

    International Personality Item Pool: A Scientific Collaboratory for the Development of Advanced Measures of Personality Traits and Other Individual Differences (https://ipip.ori.org/).

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